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Memorandum & Articles of Associaton

Clì Gàidhlig

"Comann an Luchd Ionnsachaidh" bho shean

MEORACHAN

AGUS

BUNREACHD

Air a leasachadh leis a' Choinneimh Bhliadhnail 4.11.95


MEMORANDUM

AND

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

As amended by the Annual General Meeting 4.11.95
THE COMPANIES ACT 1985
COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE AND NOT HAVING A SHARE CAPITAL
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
COMANN AN LUCHD-IONNSACHAIDH


1. The name of the company is Comann an Luchd-Ionnsachaidh, hereinafter called "CLI".
2. The registered office of CLI will be situated in Scotland.
3. The object for which CLI is established is to enable adult learners of Gaelic to attain oral fluency in the language, in pursuit of which aim CLI may develop course structures and produce learning materials such as texts, audio and video tapes; liaise with public and private groups to provide learning facilities; provide training and facilities for tutors including training in methods of assessment and evaluation; maintain a publicity and information service for the public to increase demand for learning facilities.
4. In furtherance of the above objects, the company shall have the following powers:
a) to carry on the business of publishers, producers, wholesalers and retailers of books, pamphlets, posters, films, video tapes, radio and television programmes, plays, photographs, slides, audio tapes and other software, and promotion of conferences, courses, festivals, concerts, games and entertainments of all kinds and catering and provision of accommodation relating thereto;
b) to carry on the business of consultants and generally to provide expert advice and guidance to members of CLI and other persons and organisations;
c) to carry on any other trade or business whatsoever which, in the opinion of CLI, can be carried on advantageously by CLI in connection with an ancillary to any of the objects and general business of CLI or is of direct or indirect benefit to CLI and its objects and to enhance the value of or render profitable any of the properly or rights of CLI or such trade or business as may be required by any members or customers of or persons or agencies dealing with CLI;
d) to monitor and report on developments, from whatever source and of whatever nature which are related directly to the aims of CLI;
e) to purchase, take on lease or in exchange, hire or otherwise acquire and hold for any estate or interest any lands, buildings, easements, rights, privileges, concessions, patent rights, licences, secret processes property of any kind necessary or convenient for the purpose of or in connection with the business of CLI or any branch or department thereof;
f) to erect, construct, lay down, enlarge, alter and maintain any shops, stores, factories, buildings, works, plant and machinery necessary or convenient for the business of CLI and to contribute to or subsidise the erection, construction and maintenance of any of the above;
g) to borrow or raise or secure the payment of money for the purposes of or in connection with the business of CLI, and for the purpose of and in connection with the borrowing or raising of money by CLI to become a member of any building society;
h) to receive and accept from any source gifts, bequests, legacies and grants of money and/or any kind of property, and all other kinds of financial assistance, whether unconditionally or subject to any trusts or conditions;
i) to charge and grant securities over the undertaking and all or any of the heritable and moveable property and assets, present or future, of CLI and to issue at par or at a premium or discount, and for such consideration and with any subject to such rights, powers, privileges and conditions as may be thought fit, debentures or debenture stock, either permanent or repayable, and collaterally or further to secure any securities of CLI by a trust deed or other assurance;
j) to issue and deposit any securities which CLI has power to issue by way of charge to secure any sum less than the nominal amount of such securities and also by way of security for the performance of any contracts or obligations of CLI or of its customers or other persons or agencies having dealings with CLI, or in whose business or undertakings CLI is interested, whether directly or indirectly;
k) to invest and deal with the moneys of CLI not immediately required for the purpose of its business in or upon such investments or securities and in such manner as may from time to time be determined;
l) to accept payment for any properly or rights sold or otherwise disposed of or dealt with by CLI, either in cash, by instalments or otherwise, or in fully or partly paid up shares of any company or corporation, with or without deferred or preferred or special rights or restrictions in respect of dividend, repayment of capital. voting or otherwise, or in debentures or mortgage debentures or debenture stock, mortgages or other securities of any company or corporation, or partly in one mode and partly in another, and generally on such terms as CLI may determine, and to hold, dispose of or otherwise deal with any shares, stock or securities so required;
m) to enter in any partnership or joint-venture arrangement or arrangement for sharing profits, union of interests or co operation or amalgamation with any charitable company, firm agency, incorporation, association or person carrying on or proposing to carry on any business within the objects of CLI and to acquire and hold, sell, deal with or dispose of shares, stock or securities of any such company, and to guarantee the contracts of our liabilities of, or payment of the dividends, interest or capital of any shares, stock or securities of and to subsidise or otherwise assist any such company;
n) to enter into any arrangements with any governments or authorities, municipal, local or otherwise that may seem conducive to the objects of CLI or any of them and to obtain from any such government or authority, any rights, privileges, and concessions;
o) to establish or promote or concur in establishing or promoting any company whose objects shall be intended to advance in any manner and directly or indirectly the objects or interests of the CLI, and to acquire and hold or dispose of shares, stock or securities of and guarantee the payment of dividends, interest or capital of any shares, stock or securities issued by or any other obligations of any such company.
p) to make any donation either in cash or assets which CLI may deem expedient and to give any other financial assistance by way of grant of such amounts and on such terms and conditions as CLI may determine to any person or body carrying on or intending to carry on any undertaking or activity which in the opinion of CLI will contribute in any way to the achievement of the objects of CLI;
q) to purchase or otherwise acquire and undertake all or any part of the business, property, assets, liabilities and transactions of any person, firm, company or unincorporated association carrying on any business which CLI is authorised to carry on;
r) to sell, feu, improve, manage, develop, turn to account, exchange, let on rent, royalty, share of profits or otherwise, grant licences, servitudes and other rights in or over, and in any other manner deal with or dispose of or turn to account the undertaking and all or any of the property and assets for the time being of CLI for such consideration as CLI may think fit;
s) to effect insurances against all kinds of risks and liabilities which may be incurred by CLI and insurances of the property, assets and effects of CLI;
t) to obtain, acquire and purchase all necessary permits, licences or trademarks required for the purpose of enabling CLI to carry on its said business upon such terms and conditions as it may think fit;
u) to appoint, employ and dismiss such staff and other persons and to engage and terminate the advisory and other services of such professional, technical and other personnel as CLI may think fit, and any such appointment, employment or engagement may be affected on such terms and conditions as to remuneration and otherwise as CLI may think appropriate;
v) to establish and maintain or procure the establishment and maintenance of any contributory or non-contributory pension or superannuation funds for the benefit of, and to make or procure the making of donations, gratuities, pensions, allowances or emoluments to any persons who are or were at the time in the employment or service of CLI and the wives, widows, families.

5. The income and properly of CLI whencesoever derived shall be applied solely toward the promotion of the objects of CLI as set out herein and in the Articles and no portion shall be paid or transferred directly or indirectly to the members of CLI except by way of payment in good faith or seasonable and proper wages, bonuses and repayments of expenses to any member or employee of CLI in return for any services actually rendered to CLI and no dividend shall be paid to any member of CLI.
6. The liability of the members is limited.
7. Every member of CLI undertakes to contribute to the assets of CLI, in the event of the same being wound up while a member or within one year after ceasing to be a member, for payment of the debts and liabilities of CLI contracted before ceasing to be a member, and of the costs, charges and expenses of winding up and for the adjustment of the rights of the contributors amongst themselves, such amount as may be required, not exceeding one pound £1).
8. In the event of the winding up or dissolution of CLI the Liquidator shall first, according to law, use the assets of CLI to satisfy its debts and liabilities. Any balance of assets remaining must not be distributed among the members of CLI but shall be transferred to such bodies having objects similar to or compatible with the objects of CLI and which shall prohibit the distribution of its, or their, income among its members to an extent at least as great as is imposed on CLI under clause 4) hereof or such central fund maintained for the benefit of such enterprises as may be determined by the members at or before the time of winding up or dissolution or insofar as the assets are not transferred shall be held for social or charitable purposes.


We, the several persons, whose names and addresses are subscribed are desirous of being formed into a company, in pursuance of this Memorandum of Association.

Names, Addresses and Descriptions of Subscribers


Hector MacKenzie
58 Millbank Road
Munlochy
IV8 8NL
Head Teacher


Neil McKechnie
Clunes Villa
Park Street
Dingwall
IV15 9JH
Retired Teacher

Dated at Inverness the Twenty First Day of April Nineteen Hundred and Eighty Seven.

Witness to the above subscribers
David Butler McGarva
Solicitor
HIDB Bridge House
Inverness
IV1 1QR
THE COMPANIES ACT 1985
COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE AND NOT HAVING A SHARE CAP1TAL
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
COMANN AN LUCHD-IONNSACHAIDH

Interpretation

1 In these Articles:-

a) "CLI" means Comann an Luchd-Ionnsachaidh
b) "Office-bearers" means the Cathraiche and the Iar-chathraiche.
c) "The Act" means the Companies Act 1985 as amended from time to time.
d) "The Seal" means the Common Seal of CLI.
e) "Rùnaire" means any person appointed by CLI to perform the duties of Secretary of CLI in terms of the Act, and where two or more persons are appointed to act as Joint Secretaries shall include any one of those persons.
f) "The United Kingdom" means Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
g) "The Annual Membership Year" shall mean the period from 1 April in one year to 31 March in the year following.
h) Expressions referring to writing shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including references to printing, lithography, photography, and other modes of representing or reproducing words in a visible form.
i) Unless the context otherwise requires words or expressions contained in these Articles shall bear the same meaning as in the Act or any statutory modification thereof in force at the date at which these Articles become binding on CLI.

Objects

2. CLI is established for the purposes expressed in the Memorandum of Association.

Membership on Incorporation

3. The number of members with Incorporation which CLI purposes to be incorporated is unlimited. Membership.
a) The subscribers to the Memorandum of Association and such other persons and organisations as are admitted to membership in accordance herewith shall be members of the Company.
b) Membership shall not be transferable.
c) Corporate membership shall be open to Scots Gaelic learners' clubs and other associations having similar aims as the Company, whether unincorporated or incorporated, which have complied with the procedure for application for membership.
d) Individual membership shall be open to individuals who have complied with the procedure for application for membership.
e) A person or association which wishes to become a member shall lodge with the Company a written application for membership, in such form as the Bòrd Stiùiridh requires, signed by the applicant on behalf of the association.
f) Each application for membership shall be considered by the Bòrd Stiùiridh at the first meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh which is held after receipt by the Company of the written application in terms hereof.
g) Members shall pay annually on 31 March or such dates as may be fixed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh a subscription or subscriptions which shall be determined by CLI from time to time in General Meeting. Any resolution by the Bòrd Stiùiridh to the effect that an applicant be admitted to membership shall be deemed to be conditional upon payment of the full amount of the relevant subscription.
h) No applicant shall be entered in the register of members unless and until such subscription as required under Article 4(g) has been received by the Company.
i) The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall maintain a register of members which shall be kept at the registered office which shall be open to inspection by any person whether or not a member of the Company during business hours.
j) The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be entitled at their sole discretion to refuse to admit any person or association to membership without need to ascribe any reason therefor.
k) If the Bòrd Stiùiridh resolves at any meeting to refuse admission of an applicant to membership they shall notify the applicant in writing accordingly within a period of seven days after the meeting and return to them any remittance lodged under Article 4(g).
1) Every member shall be entitled to receive on refunding postage and costs a copy of the Memorandum and Articles of Association of CLI.

The Bòrd Stiùiridh

5.
a) Management of the business of CLI shall be carried out by the Bòrd Stiùiridh who shall be entitled to exercise all the powers of the company. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall consist of the following members, that is to say, (a) seven persons elected from the individual membership in accordance with the provisions of these Articles and (b) such co-opted members as shall be nominated from time to time by the Bòrd Stiùiridh with the approval of at least three of the members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
b) The co-opted members shall be such persons as are deemed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh to be knowledgeable about and have interest in the objects of CLI.
c) Any member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh may appoint as his/her substitute or alternate any person of his/her own choice other than another existing member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and such appointment may be made for specific purposes or in general and shall be intimated to the Rùnaire by the member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh making the appointment. Such alternate or substitute member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shad have in respect of the proceedings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh all rights and privileges attaching to members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh

Membership of the Bòrd Stiùiridh

6. The following provisions shall apply as to the duration of membership of the Bòrd Stiùiridh of CLI, that is to say:-
a) Co-opted members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh may be invited to serve initially for a period of one year. Members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh elected to represent the individual membership shall serve for a period of two years.
b) On the expiry of the aforesaid periods of service each such elected or co-opted member may, subject as herein provided, be again elected or co-opted for membership of the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
c) Members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh elected to represent the individual membership may be removed from such representation on the duly constituted and properly approved motion of the individual membership. Such elected member shall cease to be a member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh on the passing of such resolution and shall be replaced by an alternative elected member of the individual membership chosen at any meeting of the individual membership at or subsequent to the removal of such elected member.

Election by Individual Membership

7. Members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh representing the individual membership shall be elected from the individual membership in General Meeting. Any person standing for election must be present in person or by proxy and indicate his/her willingness to be so elected. If more than seven persons are proposed for election, a vote shall be taken from among the individual members or their proxies present at the General Meeting and the seven persons securing the greatest number of votes shall be elected.

8. The rights of an individual member of CLI as such shall be personal, shall not be transferable and shall cease on his/her death or on his/her ceasing to be a member.
9. Any member of CLI shall, ipso facto, cease to be a member upon the happening of any of the following events, viz:
a) if (s)he shall commit any breach of any agreement between him/herself and CLI upon the terms of which (s)he is admitted to membership and CLI shall resolve that (s)he be excluded from membership; b) if (s)he shall have an award of sequestration made against his/her estate;
c) if (s)he resigns his/her membership by giving to CLI not less than one week's (or such lesser period as CLI may agree) previous notice in writing of his/her intention so to do;
d) if CLI by a resolution passed in General Meeting by a majority of three quarters of those present either in person or by proxy and entitled to vote resolve that (s)he should resign his/her membership;
e) if in the case of an individual (s)he dies and in the case of an association it ceases to exist;
f) if (s)he fails to pay his/her annual subscription within one month of being requested so to do.
Provided always that as regards clauses (a) and (d) of this Article not less than 7 clear days' notice in writing shall be given to the member concerned of the intention to propose resolution excluding him/her from membership or requiring him/her to resign and (s)he shall be entitled to be present and to be heard at the meeting of CLI at which such resolution is proposed.

Proceedings of Bòrd Stiùiridh

10.
a) Quorum. The quorum of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be three.
b) The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall hold at least two meetings per Annual Membership Year and such other meetings as shall be necessary for it to transact the business of the management of CLI in terms hereof and may adjourn their meetings from time to time as necessary Notice of meetings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be a minimum of 7 days and shall be sent by the Rùnaire to the members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh in the United Kingdom at such time and shall specify the nature of the business to be dealt with at such meeting. Meetings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh may be held validly on shorter notice provided a quorum is present and is unanimous as to dispensing with notice.
c) Unless expressly otherwise provided in these Articles decisions of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be taken by simple majority, the Cathraiche always having the casting vote.
d) The Rùnaire shall take the minutes of meetings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and shall issue such notices and intimations as are required to members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
e) Members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be entitled to reimbursement of their reasonable travelling and other expenses.
f) The Bòrd Stiùiridh may appoint a committee or committees and advisory panels and shall provide for the areas of the work, functions and responsibilities of the Bòrd Stiùiridh to be undertaken by such committees and panels and shall determine the rules of procedures by which the committee shall operate. The Bòrd Stiùiridh may but shall not be bound to co-opt to any such committee, persons (who may but need not be members of CLI) who are considered to be capable of contributing to the work of such committees.
g) The meetings and proceedings of any committees shall be governed by the provisions of these Articles for regulating the meetings and proceedings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh so far as the same are applicable and nor superseded by any rules made by the Bòrd Stiùiridh. The Bòrd Stiùiridh may at any time dissolve a committee or alter the membership thereof.
h) The Bòrd Stiùiridh or the Bòrd Stiùiridh acting through a committee shall discharge all responsibilities of CLI with regard to the employment of personnel.
i) The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall implement so far as reasonably possible all instructions passed by the membership in General Meeting for the implementation of the objects of CLI and shall have regard to all recommendations made by the membership, and shall use every opportunity and effort to promulgate the objects of CLI.
j) The Bòrd Stiùiridh will arrange for the presentation to the Annual General Meeting of an annual report on the activities of CLI.
k) The Bòrd Stiùiridh may establish close links and liaison with public and private organisations to improve provision for adult learners of Gaelic.
GENERAL MEETINGS

Annual General Meetings

11. CLI shall in each Annual Membership Year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting in addition to any other meetings in that year, and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it. Provided that so long as CLI holds its first general meeting within six months of its incorporation, it need not hold it in the Annual Membership Year of its incorporation. The annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall appoint.

Extraordinary General Meetings

12. All general meetings other than annual general meetings shall be called extraordinary general meetings. The Bòrd Stiùiridh may, whenever it thinks fit, convene an extraordinary general meeting and extraordinary general meetings may also be convened as provided for by section 368 of the Act

NOTICES OF GENERAL MEETINGS

Annual General Meetings

13. An annual general meeting and a meeting called for the passing of a special resolution shall be called by twenty-one days' notice in writing at the least and a meeting of CLI other than an annual general meeting or a meeting for the passing of a special resolution shall be called by fourteen days' notice in writing at the least. The notice shall be exclusive of the day on which it is served or deemed to be served and of the day for which it is given, and shall specify the place, the day and the hour of the meeting, any special or extraordinary resolution to be proposed at such meeting and, in case of special business, the general nature of that business and shall be given, in manner hereinafter mentioned or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by CLI in general meeting, to such persons as are entitled to receive such notices from CLI. Providing that a meeting of CLI shall, notwithstanding that it is called by shorter notice than that specified in this Article, be deemed to have been duly called if it is so agreed:

(a) in the case of a meeting called as the annual general meeting, by all the members entitled to attend and vote thereat, or by their proxies; and
(b) in the case of any other meeting, by five of the members having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, or by their proxies.

Further provided that publication of a notice calling a general meeting of CLI in such newspaper or newspapers circulating as appropriate in Scotland as may be decided by the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be deemed to be sufficient notice to such members of the calling of a general meeting.

Omission or Non-Receipt of Notice

14. The accidental omission to give notice of a meeting to, or the non-receipt of notice of a meeting by any person entitled to receive notice, shall not invalidate the proceedings at that meeting.

PROCEEDING AT GENERAL MEETINGS

Special Business

15. All business shall be deemed special that is transacted at an extraordinary general meeting and also all that is transacted at an annual general meeting, with the exception of the consideration of the accounts, balance sheets, and the reports of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and Auditors, the election of officers in the place of those retiring and the appointment of, and the fixing of the remuneration of the auditors.
Quorum

16. No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business; save as herein otherwise provided, not less than 20 individual members or their proxies shall be a quorum.

Where no Quorum Present

17. If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of individual members, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, or to such other day and at such other time and place as those present may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting the members present or their proxies shall be a quorum.

Convener

18. The Cathraiche of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and in his/her absence the Iar-chathraiche shall preside as Convener at every General Meeting, but if there be no such Convener, or if at any meeting (s)he is not present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, or is unwilling to preside, the members present shall choose a member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh who is present to preside as Convener.

Adjournment

19. The Cathraiche may, with the consent of any meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting), adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. When a meeting is adjourned for thirty days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Save as foresaid it shall not be necessary to give any notice of an adjournment or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting.

Voting rights of members

20. The following provisions shall have effect with regard to the voting rights of members of CLI in General Meeting, that is to say, all members shall be entitled to vote and each such member shall have one vote, and the provisions as to quorum herein before in Article 15 provided shall apply.

Method of Voting

21.
a) A resolution put to the vote of a general meeting shall be decided on a show of hands unless before, or on the declaration of the result of, the show of hands a poll is duly demanded. A poll may be demanded:
(i) by the Convener, or
(ii) by at least two members having the right to vote at the meeting; and a demand by a person as proxy for a member shall be the same as demand by the member.

b) Unless a poll is duly demanded a declaration that a resolution has been carried or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost, or not carried by a particular majority and an entry to that effect in the minutes of the meeting shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the vote recorded in favour of or against the resolution.
c) The demand for a poll may, before the poll is taken, be withdrawn but only with the consent of the Convener and a demand so withdrawn shall not be taken to have invalidated the result of a show of hands declared before the demand was made.
d) A poll shall be taken as the Convener directs and (s)he may appoint scrutineers (who need not be members) and fix a time and place for declaring the result of the poll The result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded.
e) A poll demanded on the election of a Convener or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken either forthwith or at such time and place as the Convener directs not being more than thirty days after the poll is demanded. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuance of a meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll was demanded. If a poll is demanded before the declaration of the result of a show of hands and the demand is duly withdrawn, the meeting shall continue as if the demand had not been made.
f) No notice need be given of a poll not taken forthwith if the time and place at which it is to be taken are announced at the meeting at which it is demanded. In any other case at least seven clear days' notice shall be given specifying the time and place at which the poll is to be taken.

22. Subject to the provisions of Article 19 hereof on a show of hands every member who is present shall have one vote and on a poll every member present in person or by proxy shall have one vote.

23. An instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing, executed by or on behalf of the appointer and shall be in the following form (or in a form as near thereto as circumstances allow or in any other form which is usual or which the Bòrd Stiùiridh may approve) -

Comann an Luchd Ionnsachaidh

I/We of .................................................................................

being a member/members of CLI hereby appoint

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

of ......................................................................... or failing him/her

of ......................................................................................................
as my/our proxy to vote in my/our name(s) and on my/our behalf at the Annual/
Extraordinary General Meeting to be held on 19 and at any
adjournment thereof.

This form is to be used in respect of the resolutions mentioned below as
follows:
Resolution No 1 *for *against
Resolution No 2 *for *against
*Strike out whichever is not desired. Unless otherwise instructed, the proxy
may vote as (s)he thinks fit or abstain from voting.

Signed this day of 19

The instrument appointing a proxy and any authority under which it is executed or a copy of such authority certified notarially or in some other way approved by the Bòrd Stiùiridh must be deposited at the office or at such other place within the United Kingdom as is specified in the notice covering the meeting or in any instrument of proxy sent out by CLI in relation to the meeting not less than 48 hours before the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote and an instrument of proxy which is not deposited or delivered in a manner so permitted shall be invalid. If a person be appointed proxy by more than one member such proxy shall have one vote for every member (s)he represents.
Casting vote

24. In the case of an equality of votes, the Convener of the meeting at which the show of hands or poll takes place shall be entitled to a second or casting vote.

All proceedings of meetings of CLI and of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be carried on in Gaelic where possible.

VOTES OF MEMBERS

Objections

25. No objection shall be raised as to the admissibility of any vote at any meeting of CLI or the Bòrd Stiùiridh except at the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the vote objected to is or may be given or tendered and every vote not disallowed at such meeting shall be valid for all purposes. Any such objection shall be valid for all purposes. Any such objection shall be referred to the convener of the meeting whose decision shall be final and conclusive.

Office-bearers

26. The Bòrd Stiùiridh from amongst the members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall elect the Office bearers.

Cathraiche and Iar-chathraiche

27.
(a) A person appointed to the Office of Cathraiche shall be elected for a term of one year but shall be eligible for immediate re-election.
(b) A person appointed to the Office of Iar-chathraiche shall be elected for a term of one year but shall be eligible for re--election.
(c) The Cathraiche and Iar-chathraiche shall each hold of office until a successor has been appointed pursuant to Article 25.

Casual Vacancies

28. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall have the power to fill a casual vacancy occurring in any of the offices referred to in Article 25 but any person so appointed shall hold office only until the next meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and shall then be eligible for re-election.

Additional Officers

29. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall have the further power to appoint honorary or paid officials to assist in the administration of CLI or any particular project. Any such officials shall be responsible to the Bòrd Stiùiridh or to any committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh appointed as aforesaid and each such appointment shall be upon such terms and conditions as the Bòrd Stiùiridh (or a committee thereof with the consent of the Bòrd Stiùiridh) may by resolution determine.

Particular Powers

30. In addition to all powers by these Articles expressly conferred upon them the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall have the following powers namely:-
a) Save as provided in Article 40, to expend the funds of CLI in such manner as they shall consider most beneficial for the purposes of CLI and to invest in the name of CLI or the names of trustees such part thereof as they may see fit, and to direct the sale or transposition of any such investments, and expend the proceeds of any such sale for the purposes of CLI.
b) To arrange for the appointment, control and dismissal of all staff engaged for the purposes of CLI and to pay their proper remuneration, fees and expenses, including costs incurred in their training.
c) To enter into contracts on behalf of CLI.
d) To provide any necessary equipment or accommodation for the purposes of CLI.
e) To make, and from time to time to repeal or alter, regulations as to the management of CLI and the affairs thereof, and as to the duties of any of officers or servants of CLI and as the conduct of Bòrd Stiùiridh or any committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or advisory panel and as to any of the matters or things within the powers or under the control of the Bòrd Stiùiridh, provided that the same shall not be inconsistent with the Memorandum or Articles of Association.

Bankers and Cheques

31. Bankers shall be appointed and may be changed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh and cheques shall be signed by such members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and officers of CLI or such other person or persons as the Bòrd Stiùiridh may appoint for this purpose.

Defects in appointment of Members of Bòrd Stiùiridh

32. All acts done by any meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or of a committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or by any person acting as a Member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any such Member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or person acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Member of Bòrd Stiùiridh

Resolutions of Members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh

33. A resolution in writing, signed by all the members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh for the time being entitled to receive notice of a meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh duly convened and held.

Distribution of Grants and Gifts

34. Any grants received by CLI may be allocated and any objects or moneys received by way of gift or loan may be distributed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh in such manner as they may think fit, provided that details of such proposed allocations or distributions have been circulated to members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and that no objection be made thereto within one month of the date of such circulation. In the event of any objection being made the proposed allocation or distribution shall be referred to the next general meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh for determination.

The Rùnaire

35. The Rùnaire, in addition to his/her responsibilities as Company Secretary shall be responsible for the summoning of all meetings of and the minuting of the proceedings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and any committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh The Rùnaire shall also be responsible for the conduct of the correspondence of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and any committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh The Rùnaire may be a member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and in such event (s)he shall be chosen in like manner to that provided for choosing the Cathraiche and Iar-Chathraiche. If the Rùnaire is not a member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh (s)he shall be appointed in accordance with Article 10 (h).

Assistant Secretary

36. Anything required or authorised to be done by or to the Rùnaire may, if the office is vacant or there is for any other reason no secretary capable of acting, be done by any assistant secretary, or if there is none such, by or to any officer of the Bòrd Stiùiridh authorised generally or specially in that behalf by the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
Same person not to act as Rùnaire and Member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh

37. A provision of the Act or these articles requiring or of authorising a thing to be done by or to a member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and the Rùnaire shall not be satisfied by its being done by or to the same person acting both as member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and as, or in the place of, the Rùnaire.

THE SEAL

Formalities for affixing Seal

38. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal of CLI which shall only be used by the authority of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or of a committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh authorised by the Bòrd Stiùiridh in that behalf, and every instrument to which the Seal shall be affixed shall be signed by two members of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or by one member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and by the Rùnaire or by such other persons as may be authorised by the Bòrd Stiùiridh generally or specifically for this purpose.

AUTHENTICATION OF DOCUMENTS

Power to authenticate Documents

39. The Rùnaire or any person appointed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh generally or specifically for the purpose shall have power to authenticate any documents affecting the constitution of CLI and any resolutions passed by the Bòrd Stiùiridh and CLI and any books, records, documents and accounts relating to the business of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and CLI and to certify copies thereof or extracts therefrom as true copies or extracts.

Certified copies of resolutions of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or CLI

40. A document purporting to be a copy of a resolution of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or CLI or an extract from the minutes of a meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or CLI which is certified as such in accordance with the provisions of the last preceding Article shall be conclusive evidence in favour of all persons dealing with CLI upon the faith thereof that such resolution has been duly passed or, as the case may be, that such extract is a true and accurate record of a duly constituted meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh or CLI as the case may be.

MINUTES AND BOOKS

Minutes

41. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall cause Minutes to be made in Gaelic in books to be provided for the purposes:-
a) Of the names of the Members present at each meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and CLI and of any committee of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and of the names of the local authorities and other bodies represented at each general meeting of the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
b) Of all resolutions and proceedings at all meetings of the Bòrd Stiùiridh and CLI and of committees of the Bòrd Stiùiridh.
42. Any register, index, minute book, book of account or other book required by these presents or the Act to be kept by or on behalf of CLI, shall be kept by recording them in such manner as may be determined by the Bòrd Stiùiridh.

ACCOUNTS

Accounts

43. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall -
a) Cause proper books of account to be kept with respect to -
(i) all sums of money received and expended by CLI and the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure takes place
(ii) all sales and purchases of goods by CLI, and
(iii) the assets and liabilities of CLI.
Proper books shall not be deemed to be kept if there are not kept such books of account as are necessary to give a true and fair view of the state of the affairs of CLI and to explain its transactions.
b) Prepare annual statements of estimated level of income and expenditure.

Inspection of Accounts

44. The books of account shall be by Members of CLI kept at the registered office of CLI or, subject to section 222(2) of the Act, at such other place or places CLI may think fit, and shall be open to the inspection of the members of CLI at such reasonable times as the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall specify.

Presentation of Accounts

45. The Bòrd Stiùiridh shall in accordance with the provisions of the Act cause to be prepared and to be laid before a general meeting of CLI each year such income and expenditure accounts, balance sheets, and reports as may be necessary.

Copies of Accounts

46. A copy of every balance sheet and income and expenditure account which is to be laid before a general meeting of CLI (including every document required by law to be annexed thereto) together with a copy of every report of the Auditors relating thereto and of the report shall not less than twenty-one days before the date of the meeting be sent to every member of CLI entitled to receive such documents, and to every other person who is entitled to receive notices from CLI under the provisions of the Act provided that this Article shall not require a copy of these documents to be sent to any person of whose address CLI is not aware.

AUDITORS

Auditors

47. Auditors shall be appointed and their duties regulated in accordance with sections 384 to 358 of the Act.

REPORT AND INFORMATION

48. As soon as practicable after the end of every Annual Membership Year the Bòrd Stiùiridh shall prepare a report on the exercise of their functions and of the activities of CLI in that year.

NOTICES

Service of Notices

49. Any notice or document may be served by the Bòrd Stiùiridh on any member either personally or by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter addressed to such member at his/her registered address, or (if (s)he has no registered address within the United Kingdom) to the address, if any, within the United Kingdom supplied by him/her to CLI as his/her address for the service of notices. Where a notice or other document is served by post service shall be deemed to be effected at the expiration of seventy-two hours after the time when the cover containing the same is posted, and in proving such service it shall be sufficient to prove that such cover was properly addressed, stamped and posted.

No address within the United Kingdom

50. A member who (having no registered address within the United Kingdom) has not supplied to CLI an address within the United Kingdom for the service of notices shall not be entitled to receive notices from CLI.
INDEMNITY

Indemnity of Members of CLI & Office-bearers

51. Subject to the provisions of and so far as may be permitted by the Act, every member of the Bòrd Stiùiridh, Auditor, Rùnaire and other agent of CLI shall be entitled to be indemnified by CLI against all costs, charges, losses, expenses and liabilities necessarily incurred by them in the execution and discharge of their duties or in relation thereto.

52. The provisions of the Memorandum of Association relating to the winding up or dissolution of CLI shall have effect and be observed as if the same were repeated in these Articles.





Names, Addresses and Descriptions of Subscribers


Peadar Morgan
5 Newmore Mains
Invergordon
Ross-shire
IV15 9HL
Charity Director


Sheila Gunn
128 Deas Avenue
Dingwall
Ross-shire
IV15 9RJ
Charity Administrator


Dated at Dingwall the Eighteenth Day of December Nineteen Hundred and Ninety Five.


Witness to the above subscribers
Flora Morrison
Hawthorn Cottage
Craig Road
Dingwall
Ross-shire
IV15 9RJ
Retired Teacher